PATENT MANUEL 



For Inventors and Manufacturers 



William T. Jones 




Associate Resident Attorneys in London, 

Paris, Berlin, and all other 

Foreign Capitals 

Patent Practice Exclusively 

Solicitor of 

UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PATENTS 

TRADE-MARKS and COPYRIGHTS 



OFFICES 



Metzerott Building, 1110 F Street N.W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C 

Western Union and Postal Telegraph Cable Codes 
Long Distance Telephone 



Copyright 1908. by WILLIAM T. JONES 



' PATENT. MANUEL 



INTRODUCTION. 



jUBRARYotOONGrtESS 

JUN _24 1908 

CLASS A JOCCa No. 

The object of this pamphlet is to give, in a 
concise manner, full information as to the nec- 
essary steps to secure patents, caveats, trade- 
marks, labels, .pj-iijts and copyrights, the cost 
thereof, and siic^i* other information as will be 

I of general interest to the inventor. 

Mr. William T. Jones was formerly con- 
nected w4th one of the most reputable Patent 
law firms of this city, and in this capacity ren- 
dered valuable assistance to many of the lead- 

t ing manufacturing concerns in the United 
States. His thorough knowledge of mechanics 
and technical subjects enables him to give to 
inventors the highest class of expert service in 
the preparation and prosecution of applications. 
As a member of the bar of the Supreme Court 
and Court of Appeals of the District of Colum- 
bia, he is prepared to handle cases involving- 
complicated legal questions, which qualification 
is invaluable, when it is noted that patent law 
is conceded to be one of the deepest, most 
subtle, and difficult branches of the whole 
science of the law. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



_P A T ENT MANUEL 

WHAT IS A PATENT? 

A PATENT is a contract entered into be- 
tween the Government, acting for the 
Nation, and the inventor. The in- 
ventor gives to the public what it did 
not have before, a new invention, and in return 
the Government grants to the inventor, as con- 
sideration for such gift or valuable disclosure, 
a public franchise or privilege of the exclusive 
right in the invention for a certain limited 
period. 

TERM OF A PATENT. 

United States patents, except those for de- 
signs, are granted for a term of seventeen 
years, during which time the inventor, his 
successors, or assigns, has the exclusive right 
to manufacture and sell the invention and the 
monopoly of his inventive skill. 

WHAT MAY BE PATENTED. 

A patent may be obtained by any person who 
has invented or discovered any new and use- 
ful art (process), machine, manufacture, or 
composition of matter, or any new and useful 
improvement thereof, not known or used by 
others before his invention or discovery, and 
not patented or described in any printed pub- 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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PATENT. MANUEL 



lication before such invention or discovery, or 
more than two years prior to his application, 
and not in public use or on sale in the United 
States for more than two years prior to his 
application, unless the same is proved to have 
been abandoned. 

Process Patent. 

An art, which is sometimes called a process 
or method, is ''an act or series of acts per- 
formed upon the subject-matter to be trans- 
formed and reduced to a different state or 
thing. Inasmuch as process or method claims 
are confined to no particular apparatus, but 
merely to the manner of doing a thing, they 
are very broad and have to be drawn with 
great care. 

Mechanical Patent. 

A machine is an instrument composed of one 
or more mechanical powers, and capable, when 
set in motion, of producing by its own opera- 
tion certain predetermined physical effects. In 
other words, it is a mechanical means capable 
of performing a function and producing a 
;esult. 

Inventions of this class form the greater 
number of patents, but the word ''machine" 
has a much broader significance viewed in a 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



PATENT MANUEL 



patent sense than it has commercially, as, for 
instance, a railroad car or a baby carriage 
while answering all conditions that go to make 
up a machine, yet would hardly be classified as 
such commercially. 

Patents for Compositions. 

Patents are granted for any new and useful 
composition of matter, such as chemicals, 
paints, wall plaster, artificial stone, roofing ma- 
terial, fire-proofing or water-proofing compo- 
sition, etc. 

We must in each instance be advised as to 
the name and quantity of each ingredient used, 
the manner of compounding them, and the use 
or uses to which the composition is put. 

Medical Compounds. 

Patents are granted for medical compounds, 
but under the present practice of the Patent 
Office it is a difficult matter to obtain an allow- 
ance of such a patent. The Patent Office offi- 
cials hold that, as a rule, medical compounds 
are merely the result of a prescription, such 
as any physician might write, and that no in- 
vention is involved in making them. It is 
therefore, as a rule, advisable to secure trade- 
mark protection, which in some respects af- 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WAGHINGTON, D. C, 



PATENT MANUEL 



fords greater protection than a patent, since 
in the application for registration of a trade- 
mark it is not necessary to disclose the for- 
mula, as must be done if application is made 
for a patent. Most of the so-called "patented 
medicines" are protected by trade-marks only. 

Design Patents. 

These patents, when properly prepared, are 
an important means of protecting industrial 
property. Such patents relate especially to 
form or configuration, but this may be an ele- 
ment of utility or economy, as well as one of 
appearance, in fact a design patent often proves 
of more value than one for an invention. 

The use of design patents has grown very 
largely in recent years, and a number of very 
large business interests are based solely upon 
the protection afforded by such patents. De- 
signs for silverware, cut-glass, wall papers, 
carpets, linen, woven fabrics of all kinds, jew- 
elry, metal and clock cases are among the 
many which are the subject of such patents. 
Very often it is well for the proper protection 
of an invention that it be covered by both a 
mechanical patent and by a design patent. 

Patents for designs are granted for the 
terms of three and a half years, seven years, or 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



P A TENT MANUEL 

for fourteen years, as the applicant may elect. 
After the applicant has elected how long he 
wishes the patent to run, no extensions can 
be made. 

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION. 

Having perfected the invention, there should 
be absolutely no delay upon the part of the 
inventor in applying for a patent, it being fre- 
quent that the degree of diligence exercised by 
an inventor in lodging his application deter- 
mines his right to priority of his invention. 

Therefore, when your invention is completed, 
you should forward us sketches, photographs, 
or a model embodying the device, together with 
a description of the operation and advantages 
of the invention, referring to the different parts 
by reference numerals and placing the numer- 
als upon the sketches, etc., for designating the 
parts referred to. 

Upon receipt of this data we will promptly 
render an opinion, without charge, as to the 
utility and probable patentability of the inven- 
tion. Owing to our experience, we are often 
able to advise clients at once that their inven- 
tions are not patentable. If we decide that a 
special "preliminary examination'' is necessary 
to determine the question of patentabihty, we 
so inform the inventor, and state the cost of 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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the examination and report. This examina- 
tion is a search, conducted by an expert, of all 
prior patents relating to a given invention — and 
is usually an arduous undertaking, owing to 
the fact that there are now very close to a 
million of patents, subdivided into ten thou- 
sand different classes. On completing this in- 
vestigation, copies of the nearest patents to the 
invention, if any be found, are obtained, and, 
together with a full report as to the chances 
of securing a patent, are forwarded to the in- 
ventor. The inventor is thus given an oppor- 
tunity to judge for himself, and it is our policy 
to always be conservative in our opinion, and 
to endeavor to show the inventor, previous to 
his making application for a patent, the ob- 
stacles that will have to be evaded, rather than 
persuade him to proceed with a case which 
possesses some unessential novelty. (See page 

41.) 

The cost of this examination is usually $5.00, 
which includes the report and copies of pat- 
ents disclosed. In some cases, however, owing 
to technical difficulties and the vast number of 
patents required to be examined, it is not pos- 
sible to make an exhaustive investigation for 
less than $25.00, or more. If the invention is 
met by prior patents, the amount paid for the 
search is the total expense, and the inventor is 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
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PATENT MANUEL 

thus saved the cost of making application. 

The fee remitted for the preliminary exami- 
nation is a separate fee, and is not applied to- 
wards the cost of a patent. It is desirable for 
the inventor to state whether he wishes the 
examination made. Our examination does not 
extend to foreign patents, or pending applica- 
tions, which are secret and not open to inspec- 
tion. 

THE APPLICATION. 

Formal application papers for a patent in- 
clude a petition, specification, oath, and where 
necessary, drawings to clearly illustrate the 
device. 

The Specification. 

The specification should comprise a clear and 
accurate statement of the objects of the in- 
vention, and this should be followed by a brief 
description of the different views of the draw- 
ings, and a detailed technical description of the 
parts of the device and the complete operation, 
so that any one skilled in the art to which 
the invention relates may clearly understand 
the same. When thus fully described, the 
specification must conclude with a specific and 
distinct claim or claims of the part, improve- 
ment, or combination which the applicant re- 
gards as his invention or discovery. 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



PATENT MANUEL 



As Specifications are legal instruments, no 
less than descriptions of mechanical and philo- 
sophical and sometimes chemical improvements, 
it is desirable that they should always, before 
filed, be examined by some experienced lawyer, 
as well as by some machinist or other expert 
fully acquainted with its subject-matter, /n- 
finite expense and trouble would be yearly 
saved by this. 

The intention of the inventor, so as to effect 
the object designed, is to govern the construc- 
tion of the language he employs. Inventors 
are not always educated or scientific men. 
Some of the most useful inventions have 
sprung up from an illiterate source. Genius is 
not always blessed with the powers of lan- 
guage. 

The late Justice Sprague warned inventors 
in the following words : The advice of legal 
counsel is as useful in the preparation of such 
an instrument as in preparing a difficult deed 
or will (Hovey vs. Stevens, 2 Robb., 579). 

The Supreme Court of the United States 
(case of Topliff vs. Topliff, 1892), in an opin- 
ion by Mr. Justice Brown, makes this state- 
ment: 

"The specifications and claims of a patent, 
particularly if the invention be at all compli- 
cated, constitute one of the most difficult legal 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
10 



PATENT MANUEL 



instruments to draw with accuracy, and in view 
of the fact that valuable inventions are often 
placed in the hands of inexperienced persons, 
to prepare such specifications and claims, it is 
no matter of surprise that the latter frequently 
fail to describe with requisite certainty the 
exact invention of the patentee, and err either 
in claiming that which the patentee had not in 
fact invented, or in omitting some element 
which was a valuable or essential part of his 
actual invention. 



This comment from the highest legal au- 
thority in the United States is an injunction 
and a warning to inventors to entrust their 
business only to experienced counsel. 

Claims with which the specification is con- 
cluded, determine the true face value of a pat- 
ent Their supreme importance, therefore, is 
evident, and great care, ability, and judgment 
are required to draw them properly, and perse- 
verance and careful argument are always re- 
quired to secure their allowance. 

If the invention is valuable and protected by 
valid generic claims, the patent will success- 
fully stand judicial investigation and effectually 
protect the patentee against imitators or evad- 
ers ; but on the other hand if the claims do not 
properly include the features of the invention, 
the patent is worthless. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

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PATENT MANUEL 

Drawings. 

An applicant for patent is required by law 
to furnish a drawing of his invention where 
the nature of the case admits of it. As certain 
rules and requirements of the Patent Office are 
strictly adhered to, the inventor should never 
attempt to prepare his own drawings, as the 
filing of an informal drawing will only result 
in his being compelled to furnish the Office 
with a new drawing made in conformity to the 
rules, thus causing him additional expense. 

COST OF OBTAINING PATENTS. 

We enumerate concisely below the charges 
incidental to the procurement of the various 
kinds of patents under our terms, the attor- 
ney's fee quoted in each instance being for a 
simple, uncomplicated case. 

Process and Mechanical Patents — 
First Government fee (payable on 

filing the application) $15.00 

Drawings (one sheet) 5.00 

Attorney's fee 25.00 

Final Government fee (payable any 
time within six months after allow- 
ance of the application) 20.00 

Total.. $65.00 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
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PATENT MANUEL 



Patents for Compositions and Medical Com- 
pounds — 
These patents require no drawings — 
otherwise the fees are the same as 
in the case of a process or mechan- 
ical patent— Total $60.00 

Design Patents — 

Attorney's fee $15.00 

Drawing (one sheet) usually 5.00 

Government fee in full — 

For three and a half year patent $10.00 

For seven year patent 15.00 

For fourteen year patent 30.00 

The amount of our attorney's fee varies, 
and is in all instances strictly governed by the 
character and volume of the technical service 
involved in the preparation and prosecution of 
the case. 

Our clients are advised at the outset, when 
the report as to patentability is prepared, ex- 
actly how much the outlay will be, and are re- 
quested to remit a reasonable amount to apply 
on account for our services. All money should 
be sent by P. O. money order, bank draft, or 
check. We should also be furnished with the 
full name and address of the inventor or in- 
ventors, as the case may be. 

Upon receipt of this information, together 
with the remittance, the necessary documents 
will be duly prepared and forwarded for ap- 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor i 

WASHINGTON, D. C. j 

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proval and execution. A copy of the specifica- 
tion and claims, and blue prints of the draw- 
ings will be sent for the client's keeping. The 
original papers should be signed at the points 
indicated, before a notary public, the notary 
affixing his seal at the end of the oath, and 
returned with the balance due on the fees. 
FILING THE CASE IN THE PATENT 
OFFICE. 

As soon as the application is filed in the 
Patent Office, the inventor is protected against 
the grant, without his knowledge, of a patent 
for the same thing to another person. The 
official receipt is issued by the Patent Office 
and sent to the inventor when the application 
is filed. 

PROSECUTION. 

After the application is filed it receives, in its 
due turn (usually in from four to six weeks 
after filing), an official examination, when the 
Patent Office examiner makes such objections 
and cites such references to other patents as 
he thinks proper. We then examine the refer- 
ences and use our best endeavors, by written 
and oral argument, to remove the objections 
and procure the allowance of the case. On the 
second hearing, new objections and new ref- 
erences are often cited, and further time and 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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PATENT MANUEL 



labor are then required on our part; and so on 
perhaps for a third, fourth, or fifth hearing. 
It will thus be seen that the work of prose- 
cuting the application while before the Patent 
Office is very arduous and consumes consid- 
erable time. If so desired we will, at each 
stage of the proceedings, send our clients copies 
of the examiner's actions and of our replies 
thereto, and thus keep him fully informed with 
respect to what is being done in their behalf. 
Appeals. 
If, however, the Examiner cannot be con- 
vinced by the attorney's argument, and the at- 
torney for his client refuses to amend, or if the 
Examiner believes the device to have no nov- 
elty whatever, or not to have required inven- 
tion, and the attorney differs with him, the 
case is ''finally rejected." From this final re- 
jection an appeal may be taken to the Board of 
Examiners-in-Chief, to whom both sides of the 
argument are carefully presented. If they de- 
cide adversely to the applicant he may then 
appeal to the Commissioner of Patents, and 
from his adverse decision to the Court of Ap- 
peals of the District of Columbia. If, however, 
the Examiner is overruled by the Board or the 
Commissioner, the application is returned to 
him for allowance or other such action as may 
be necessary. 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

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PATENT MAN U E L 



In the cases where an appeal is deemed 
necessary, our clients are so advised and at 
the same time fully informed as to the inci- 
dental expenses. 

NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE. 

The notice of allowance is a formal state- 
ment by the Patent Office that the application 
has been examined and allowed, and that the 
patent will issue upon payment of the final 
Government fee of $20.00. The patent must; 
issue within six months of this notice of al- ( 
lowance or else the application will be deemed ' 
forfeited, and therefore the final Government 
fee should be paid within about five months 
of the date of this notice. A forfeited case 
may, however, be revived by a repayment of 
the filing fee of $15.00, when it is once more 
examined and passed through the regular rou- 
tine before stated. 

Interferences 

It sometimes occurs that there are rival ap- 
plications for patent on the same subject-mat- 
ter before the Patent Office at the same time. 
Or it may be that a patent has been granted to 
a party who is not the first inventor thereof, 
which prior grant the first inventor, having 
filed his later application, desires to contest. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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PATENT MANUEL 



When this state of affairs exists the Office de- 
clares an "Interference," which is the proceed- 
ing to determine priority of invention. On 
proper notice each party makes a "Preliminary 
Statement," or a statement under oath, setting 
out the dates on which the invention was first 
conceived, put into practical operation, etc. 
After this has been fled, providing the inter- 
ference has not been d*7«^olved, testimony is 
taken by the respective prrties to establish the 
allegations made in the preliminary statement 
and the case then goes to a hearing by the 
Examiner of Interferences. From his decision, 
appeal may be taken to the Board of Examin- 
ers-in-Chief. From the Board appeal lies to 
the Commissioner and from him to the Court 
of Appeals of the District *^f Columbia. 

An interference contest is entirely apart from 
the ordinary prosecution of an application, and 
it is impossible to give any statement of the 
costs thereof. These depend upon thg ex- 
penses in getting evidence, amount of testi- 
mony taken, printing of testimony, and the 
charge for attorney's services. The conduct of 
an interference case demands the greatest legal 
skill and the most carrful attention in every 
particular. 

It may he stated, however, for applicants' 
comfort, that the necessity for an interference 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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PATENT MANUEL 



contest rarelv arises, and the chances of it need 
not he apprehended. 

REISSUES. 

After a patent has been issued, no changes 
can be made in it except when the patent is 

"Inoperative or invalid by reason of a de- 
fective or insufficient specification or by reason 
of the patentee claiming as his own invention 
more than he had a right to claim as new, if the 
error has arisen by inadvertence, accident or 
mistake and without any fraudulent or decep- 
tive intention." 

In these cases, and these only, the patent 
may be "Reissued" on payment of a Govern- 
ment fee of $30.00. Reissues are only granted 
on a clear showing by the applicant, his heirs 
or assigns, that the alleged error arose from 
accident or mistake. A reissue will not be 
allowed merely because an applicant or his at- 
torney was negligent of the inventor's rights. 
It will he clear to every inventor that the only 
safe course of procedure now is to have your 
work in the outset done honestly, for an hon- 
est purpose, and hy competent hands, at what- 
ever cost. 

Our fee for a "Reissue" is based on the 
probable work that will be involved, according 
to the nature of each particular case. 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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PATENT MANUEL 



VALIDITY OF PATENTS. 

Where a patent, or rights under it, are to 
be transferred, it is very necessary that the 
transferee should be fully acquainted with the 
scope of the patent and the validity of its 
claims. Too many times, a transferee takes 
without due knowledge of the extent to which 
he is protected by the claims of the patent he 
buys. If he were buying a piece of land he 
would have the title searched, in other words, 
an investigation made to see if it was clear, and 
if the deed was accurately descriptive of what 
was intended to be conveyed. The same pains 
should be taken to see that the validity of a 
patent is all that it pretends to be. The in- 
ventor should have an expert opinion as to the 
scope of the claims, and also an opinion as to 
whether the patent was subordinate to other 
patents which had been granted before. This 
can only be done by making an exhaustive 
search through the records of the Patent Office. 

Again, a validity search is necessary where a 
manufacturer is desirous of using some par- 
ticular device which is protected by a patent. 
In this case he desires to see if the patent is 
valid. If it is not valid, the patent is of no 
good in law and he can manufacture without 
regard to it. The search then is to find, if 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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possible, anticipatory devices which will show 
that the invention was not new when the pat- 
ent was applied for. 

We make validity searches with the greatest 
care and attention to the interests of our 
clients. Our charges depend, of course, upon 
the amount of work which is necessary for a 
complete knowledge of the state of the art in 
this country, and as far as possible, in Eu- 
ropean countries. 

INFRINGEMENTS 

Simply expressed, infringement of a patent 
consists in making, using, or selling that which 
is covered by the patent, without the consent 
of t!i2 owner. It is not, however, an infringe- 
ment to take out a patent for an invention 
which is an improvement on a previous patent. 

The general rule of law is, that the first 
original patentee is entitled to a broad inter- 
pretation of his claims. The scope of any pat- 
ent is, therefore, governed by the inventions of 
prior date. To determine whether the use of 
a patent is an infringement of another gener- 
ally requires a most careful examination of all 
analogous prior patents. An opinion based 
upon such research requires for its preparation 
much time and labor. The expense of these 
examinations, with written opinion, varies ac- 
cording to the labor involved. 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



PATENT MANUEL 



Infringement suits must be brought in the 
Circuit Court of the United States, in the ju- 
dicial district in which the infringer resides, or 
in which he shall have committed acts of in- 
fringement and have a regular and established 
place of business. As a result of a decree in 
favor of the plaintiff, a final or preliminary 
injunction is usually secured, also judgment 
for damages sustained. 

We handle suits of infringement, injunction, 
and all such as relate to patent contracts gen- 
erally. 

TRANSFER OF PATENT RIGHTS 

Every patent or any interest therein, under 
the provisions of the Revised Statutes, is as- 
signable in law by an instrument in writing; 
and the patentee or his assigns or legal repre- 
sentatives may, in like manner, grant and con- 
vey an exclusive right under the patent to the 
whole or any specified part of the United 
States. The invention covered by a patent is 
assignable in part or in whole, either before 
or after the issuance of the patent. 

When an undivided interest in a patent is 
assigned without restrictions or conditions, the 
assignee, however small his interest in the pat- 
ent, may proceed to manufacture and to sell 
the patented articles without giving any ac- 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
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PATENT MANUEL 

counting or dividing any profits with the other 
owner or owners of the patent. It is also 
possible for such an assignee to sell and assign 
a portion of his interest in the patent, with the 
result that the second assignee may manufac- 
ture and sell as well as the assignee to whom 
the inventor transferred the interest. When 
we are requested to prepare deeds of assign- 
ment, we should be instructed what the con- 
ditions are to v/hich the parties have agreed, 
how the profits are to be divided, and if the 
assignee is not to assign either the whole or a 
portion of the interest. 

Every assignment affecting the title of a pat- 
ent should be recorded in the Patent Office 
within three months of the date thereof, or it 
will be void as against any subsequent pur- 
chaser or mortgagee for a valuable considera- 
tion without notice. The assignee of an in- 
vention should, therefore always be sure that 
the instrument of assignment is duly recorded 
as his rights will be endangered if this is not 
done. 

The cost of preparing, filing and recording 
an assignment is $5.00. 

REGARDING TIME REQUIRED TO 
OBTAIN A PATENT. 

Applications filed in the United States Patent 
Office are classified according to various arts, 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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PATENT MANUEL 



and are taken up for examination in the regu- 
lar order of filing, those in the same class of 
invention being examined and disposed of, as 
far as practicable, in the order in which the re- 
spective applications are completed. There is 
no preference given to the examination of ap^ 
plications. 

Some divisions in the Patent Office are up- 
to-date, others are in arrears with their work, 
consequently it is impossible to state with ac- 
curacy how long it will take an application to 
merge into letters patent. 

Ordinarily the time required is from two to 
three months — sometimes less, and sometimes 
more. As a matter of fact, time should not be 
considered as. an important factor, when the 
invention is valuable and meritorious. 

MARKING ARTICLES PATENTED 

The law provides that all patented articles 
shall be marked with the word ^'Patented," to- 
gether with the day and year the patent was 
granted, or, when from the character of the 
article this can not be done, by fixing to the 
article, or the package enclosing one or more of 
them, a label containing a like mark. A failure 
to so mark patented articles will prevent the 
recovery of damages, unless it is shown that 
the defendant was duly notified of the infringe- 



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WASHINGTON, D. C. 
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ment and continued after such notice to make, 
use, or sell the article so patented. 

After an application has been filed in the 
Patent Office, the inventor has the right to 
mark his invention with the words "Patent 
Applied For," and he is usually quite safe in 
putting the invention upon the market for sale 
when so marked, for, though he can not sue 
infringers, stop their wrongful manufacture 
and sale of his invention before his patent 
issues, or collect damages therefor accruing 
prior to the date of his patent, still as the in- 
fringer does not know how soon the patent 
may be issued and his unauthorized use of the 
invention stopped, he usually does not care to 
build a business and make an investment of 
capital upon such a poor foundation. 

COPIES OF PATENTS. 

Copies of patents granted since August 27, 
1861, if in print, can be supplied at the rate of 
ID cents each. 

In ordering, give the number and date of 
the patent and the patentee's name, and forward 
the money with the order. If you have not the 
data mentioned, we will make an investigation 
for the patents desired for a reasonable charge. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



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FOREIGN PATENTS. 

As a rule, inventors are satisfied with the 
protection afforded by a United States patent, 
and overlook the fact that they are permitting 
other people in foreign countries to profit by 
their inventive genius. If the United States 
patent is meritorious and valuable, the foreign 
patent is likely to prove valuable as well. 
There is a great demand in the principal for- 
eign countries for the improvements which 
emanate from the brains of American inven- 
tors. Foreigners are quick to realize our pro- 
gressiveness in all arts, and large remuneration 
is often derived by American inventors by the 
sale of their patents. 

The American patent law contains a special 
provision in favor of the inventor who desires 
to secure patents in other countries, namely: 
It provides that after a U. S. patent is allowed, 
the application may remain in the secret ar- 
chives of the Patent Office for a period not 
exceeding six months, thus enabling the in- 
ventor to arrange for his foreign patents in 
advance of all other persons. But if the in- 
ventor permits the U. S. patent to issue be- 
fore he has applied for foreign patents, he loses 
the opportunity of obtaining them; for in 
many countries the patent is invalid if the 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



25 



PATENT MANUEL 






invention has been previously patented else- 
where; the inventor is thus deprived of the 
emoluments that he might easily have secured. 
Many valuable patents have thus been lost to 
inventors in European countries. 

To obtain valid patents in foreign countries 
without curtaiHng the life of the home patent, 
requires the exercise of the greatest care and 
skill, and also a thorough knowledge of the 
patent laws of the different countries. 

Upon request full particulars will be fur- 
nished as to any countries. 

CANADIAN PATENTS. 

The laws of Canada are modeled practically 
of the United States Patent laws, and every 
inducement is offered to the American inventor 
to procure patents there. One of the things 
it is important to know in connection with 
Canadian patents is that any user of the in- 
vention before patent is applied for in the 
Canadian Patent Office, may continue to use 
said invention without rendering himself liable 
for infringement. 

The expense to apply for a Canadian patent 
is forty-five dollars for a simple case, which in- 
cludes Government tax, agency, and all charges 
for six years, after which two additional terms 
of six years each may be obtained by the owner 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
26 



PATENT MANUEL 



of the patent on payment of twenty-five dollars 
each, making the entire term of the patent 
eighteen years. The patent may be applied 
for at the outset for eighteen years, at a cost 
of eighty-five dollars. 

An application must be filed in Canada not 
later than during the year following the issue 
of the United States patent, after which time 
the invention becomes public property there. 

CAVEATS. 

Any person who has made a new invention 
or discovery and desires further time to mature 
the same, may file in the Patent Office a caveat 
setting forth the object and distinguishing 
characteristics of the invention, and praying 
protection of his right until he shall have ma- 
tured his invention. Such caveat shall be filed 
in the confidential archives of the Office and 
preserved in secrecy, and prevent the grant of 
a patent to another person for the same al- 
leged invention upon an application filed during 
the life of the caveat without notice to the 
caveator. 

A caveat confers no rights and affords no 
protection, except as a notice of an interfering 
application filed during its life giving the cav- 
eator the opportunity of proving priority of 
invention, if he is so desirous. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



27 



PATENT MANUEL 



Hence, if the invention is perfected, it is far 
safer, more economical, and better in every way 
for an inventor to file his patent application 
at once, and avoid caveats. 

The cost of a caveat is : 

Government fee $10.00 

Drawing (one sheet) 5.00 

Attorney's fee 10.00 

Total $25.00 

TRADE-MARKS. 

Generally speaking, a trade-mark may con- 
sist of any word which is not geographical in 
its nature, and which is not descriptive of the 
goods to which it is applied. It may be a 
"coined" word or words, a sign, symbol, pic- 
ture, figure, autograph, monogram, or the like. 
It need not be new in itself but it must be new 
with respect to the particular class of goods to 
which it is applied. For instance, the coined 
word "Uneeda," registered for biscuits, might 
be appropriated by another and regsitered for 
an entirely different class of goods without 
infringing. 

. On February 20, 1905, Congress enacted a 
new law regarding the registration of trade- 
marks, to be in force and take effect on and 
after April i, 1905. The advantages of this 
new law over the one which it superseded are : 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
28 



PATENT MANUEL 



1. The new law affords greater protection 
than was secured under the old act or at com- 
mon law. 

2. The old law did not protect a trade-mark 
used on goods sold in Interstate Commerce, 
while the new law does give this protection. 

3. The new law provides for the delivering 
up of infringing labels for destruction and 
the prevention of entry of goods into this 
country bearing an infringing trade-mark; the 
recovery of damages ; that suit may be brought 
in a U. S. court without regard to the citizen- 
ship of the parties or the amount involved. 

4. Under the new law the registrant has a 
prima facie right to the trade-mark, and in the 
event of a suit or contest being brought, the 
burden of proof is upon that party who has 
not registered. 

5. Furthermore, the new act provides that 
any mark, though not technically a trade-mark, 
may be registered if it has been in exclusive and 
continuous use for ten years next preceding the 
passage of the act, and is not registered. 

To determine whether a trade-mark is regis- 
terable, a search should be made of the trade- 
mark records. Our charge for this search, in- 
cluding an opinion, is $5.00. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
29 



PATENT MANUEL 



Preparation of Application. 

With the application for registration of a 
trade-mark, the applicant is required to file five 
specimens or fac-similies of the mark as actu- 
ally used, in addition to a drawing showing the 
mark. It is advisable, therefore, that we be 
furnished six or more of the specimens of the 
mark, so that we may have the number re- 
quired for filing, one for use in making the 
drawing, and one or more for record in our 
file of the case. 

To enable us to prepare the application for 
registration of trade-mark, we must be fur- 
nished with the name of the proprietor, his 
residence, and place of business, or, if a firm is 
the proprietor of the mark, the names of the 
individual members of such firm must be fur- 
nished, together with residences and the place 
of business of the firm. If a corporation or as- 
sociation is the proprietor of the trade-mark 
we must be furnished with the name of such 
corporation or association, together with the 
name of a duly authorized ofificer thereof, hav- 
ing the right to sign the corporate name or 
that of the association, as the case may be, and, 
in the case of a corporation, we must be ad- 
vised under the laws of what state the corpo- 
ration is organized or chartered. In each of 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



PATENT MANUEL 



the foregoing instances the earliest date of the 
use of the mark should be stated. 

Duration of Trade-Marks. 

Under the new law, a certificate of registra- 
tion shall remain in force for twenty years 
from its date, except that in case a trade-mark 
be previously registered by the applicant in a 
foreign country, such certificate shall cease to 
be in force on the day on which the trade-mark 
ceases to be protected in such foreign country, 
and shall in no case remain in force for more 
than twenty years, unless renewed. 

Renewal. 

A certificate of registration may be, from 
time to time, renewed for like periods on pay- 
ment of the renewal fees required, upon re- 
quest by the registrant, his legal representa- 
tives, or transferees of record in the Patent 
Office, and such request may be made at any 
time not more than six months prior to the 
expiration of tlie period for which the certifi- 
cate of registration was issued or renewed. 

Interference, Opposition and Cancellation. 

Provision is made under the new law in case 
of conflicting applications pending in the Patent 
Office at the same time; also for any person 
who believes he would be damaged by the reg- 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. I 



31 



PATENT MANUEL 

istration of a certain mark to another, and for 
the cancellation of a registered mark where 
the complainant deems himself injured. We 
will be pleased to advise full particulars as to 
any of these proceedings upon request. 

Assignment 

Assignments of trade-marks may be made 
in connection with the good will of a business. 
Unless recorded in the Patent Office within 
three months from date thereof an assignment 
is void against a subsequent purchaser for 
value without notice of the prior assignment. 
Cost of Trade-Mark Registration. 

Government fee in full $10.00 

Attorney's fee 10.00 

Cost of drawing 5.00 

Total $25.00 

Fees for interferences, opposition, cancella- 
tion, etc., can only be determined by the 
amount of labor involved in each case. 

PRINTS AND LABELS. 

Prints and labels are to be attached to bottles, 
boxes or packages containing articles of mer- 
chandise or relating to an article of merchan- 
dise but not borne by it, as an advertisement 
thereof, may be protected by registration in 
the Patent Office. They must, however, be an 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



PATENT MANUEL 

**artistic and intellectual production" and not 
mere examples of typesetters' skill If the 
print or label is essentially a trade-mark, and 
nothing more, it cannot be registered under the 
copyright law, but must be registered as a 
trade-mark. Fancy labels used on cigar boxes 
and pictures or posters used in advertising are 
examples of registrable prints and labels. 

The cost of print or label registration is : 

Government fee in full $6.00 

Attorney's fee 6.00 



Total $12.00 

COPYRIGHTS. 

Copyrights are granted for twenty-eight 
years, renewable for fourteen years more, to 
any citizen of the United States or resident 
therein, who shall be the author, inventor, or 
proprietor of any book, map, chart, dramatic 
or musical composition, engraving, cut, print, 
photograph or negative thereof, painting, draw- 
ing, chromo, statue, model or design, not in- 
tended for use as a trade-mark or label. 

It is absolutely necessary that the matter to 
be protected under this head either have some 
alleged literary value, or artistic value as a 
work of the Une arts, and not merely orna- 
mental value as a work of "industrial" art. 
There is much confusion in the lay mind re- 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



33 



PATENT MANUEL 



garding copyright and it is supposed to be ap- 
plicable to anything and everything, from a 
book to a letter filing scheme or advertising 
circular. 

To obtain copyright, the title or description 
of the article or book must be filed with the 
Librarian of Congress on or before the day of 
publication, and to perfect the copyright two 
copies must be delivered to the Librarian 
not later than the day of publication. 

Persons desiring to secure a copyright should 
send us their name and residence, the title of 
the book, map, cut, etc., and state whether they 
claim ownership as author, designer, or pro- 
prietor. The author's nationality should be 
given, or if a foreigner, whether he has de- 
clared his intention to become a citizen. Copy- 
rights, like letters patent, may be assigned. 
The entire cost of a copyright is $5.00. 
SPECIAL DEPARTMENT. 

We have established a special draughting de- 
partment, and for a nominal charge, with the 
assistance of skilled draughtsmen, will design 
or engrave cuts for trade-marks, labels, prints 
and furnish other illustrative matter needed in 
the promotion of inventions, etc. One or more 
colors, as may be desired, will be used. Upon 
receipt of the necessary data rough sketches 
will be submitted for approval. 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



34 



PATENT MANUEL 



THE VALUE OF INVENTIONS. 

As we have heretofore stated, the value of a 
patent depends largely upon the skill with 
which the application was prepared and prose- 
cuted before the Patent Office. It is impossi- 
ble to establish a standard from which to esti- 
mate the commercial value of a patent. Many 
really valuable inventions failed to be remun- 
erative to the inventors — because they placed too 
high a value on the same, and delayed until the 
days of usefulness for a device of that par- 
ticular nature had passed, and the need there- 
for had been supplied by other inventors who, 
seeing the need for advancement in that par- 
ticular art, applied their genius — perhaps along 
entirely different lines — and thus reaped the 
benefits. The value of a patent oftentimes de- 
pends as much on the energy and management 
as upon the invention itself. That patents 
really do pay, where the sagacity required for 
success in any business or pursuit is present, is 
shown by a multitude of successes. Indeed 
modern civilization is only a cumulative result 
of many little inventions. Fortunes have been 
made from inventions that to others than the 
inventor seem trivial and worthless. The ad- 
vancement in all the arts is constantly opening 
new fields to those of an inventive nature, and 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



35 



PATENT MANUEL 



the opportunity to inventors to reap richly the 
rewards of their labors is greater to-day than 
ever before in the history of the world. The 
inventor must remember that it is the begin- 
nings that are most difficult. One success ren- 
ders the next easier, for it inspires confidence, 
both in the buying public and the investing 
capitalists. 

SALE OF PATENTS. 

Many inexperienced inventors have the mis- 
taken idea that patent lawyers are in a posi- 
tion to advance the Patent Office fees and give 
their services for an interest in inventions. 
Other inventors presume that patent lawyers 
can secure financial partners, or parties who 
will pay the patent fees for a part interest. 
Still another class of inventors are of the 
opinion that patent counselors buy and sell 
inventions. 

In answer to requests for aid in this partic- 
ular we inform inventors that we consider it 
unprofessional to interest ourselves financially 
in their inventions. The propriety of an attor- 
ney or solicitor of patents combining the busi- 
ness of soliciting with that of selling or as- 
sisting financially in the procurement of pat- 
ents, is questionable. 

In fact the inventor is in a much better po- 

amammmmmmmmewmmmmmmmammmmmmmm^mmmmmmmammmammmmmmmmmmmmmmm 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
86 



PATENT MANUEL 



sition to buy, sell, and interest others in his 
invention, and they are certainly responsibili- 
ties which he alone should assume. 

Advertising in newspapers, circulars, pam- 
phlets, etc., often effects the sale of a patent. 
The advertising should be promoted by the 
patentee, in his own name and address, and not 
by swindlers. 

Another very profitable method for selling 
patents is the license and royalty plan, which 
is in the nature of a contract between the pat- 
entee and a partner or manufacturer, by which 
the latter in consideration of license to make 
the article, agrees to pay the patentee a specific 
sum upon each article made or sold. 

FINANCIAL HELP. 

Many inventors whose devices are of un- 
questioned merit and value are unable to apply 
for patents promptly on account of lack of 
funds. If you are thus situated we suggest 
that you forward us sketches and a description 
of the invention, which will be recorded on our 
books. These papers will be filed away for 
safe keeping, and substantial evidences of the 
date of invention is thereby secured without 
expense. You can then apply for the neces- 
sary funds to some friends or acqquaintances 
likely to take an interest in the patent. In 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
37 



PATENT MANUEL 

consideration of the fees it is usual to give a 
part interest in the patent, and an assign- 
ment covering such interest may be prepared 
and filed in the Patent Office, with the applica- 
tion papers. The patent will then issue to both 
parties jointly. (See page 20.) 

One-fourth, or one-third, is generally con- 
sidered an ample interest to allow in such 
cases, and the total cost of a patent for even a 
complicated invention is trifling compared with 
the amount of profit which the ownership of 
such interest should be worth. It is customary 
for inventors to allow a one-half interest in 
foreign patents to parties furnishing the funds 
required to obtain the same. 

HOW AND WHAT TO INVENT. 

Inventors, attracted by the advertisements of 
lists of "Inventions Wanted" send for such 
lists and proceed to work on suggestions there- 
in contained, with the glittering prospect of a 
quick sale and immediate wealth, little thinking 
that many of the suggestions are old; some of 
the devices already patented, and the rest for 
the most part, things that are not in demand. 
This list is usually prepared by selecting a 
number of dififerent articles from the Patent 
Office classification of inventions, and em- 
braces such inventions as: 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



^P A T E N T MANUEL 

A carpet stretcher for stretching carpets and 
holding them while being tacked. (There are 
now over 200 patents on devices of this char- 
acter.) 

Something to take the place of shoe buttons 
and glove buttons that will be easy of attach-^ 
ment, cheap in manufacture, and which will 
hold the parts securely fastened. (There are 
now over 1,500 patents on fasteners that meet 
all of these requirements.) 

The way to invent is to keep thinking; and 
to thought add practical experiments. Exam- 
ine things about you and study how to im- 
prove them. Note all defects in the objects of 
everyday use about you, and see if you cannot 
devise some means of overcoming these de- 
fects. 

Many opportunities may be taken advantage 
of^ by noting what is selling well in your 
neighborhood, or what is in general use or 
coming into use. Try to keep well informed 
of what is going on. 

The following article is reprinted from "Sys- 
tem," the Magazine of Business, April, 1908. 
Copyright by the System Company. 

''Get an Idea. 

"HAVE A NOSE" FOR IDEAS. HUNT 
THEM OUT. WORK, STRAIN, STRUG- 
GLE—BUT PRODUCE IDEAS. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



39 



PATENT MANUEL 



IDEAS HAVE MADE THE WORLD'S 
PROGRESS. 

IT WAS AN IDEA THAT FED THE 
STALWART FAITH OF COLUMBUS; AN 
IDEA THAT TAUGHT THE OBSERV- 
ANT WATTS THE POWER OF A 
STEAMING KETTLE; AN IDEA THAT 
SHOT THROUGH FRANKLIN'S KITE 
CORD; IDEAS THAT HAVE STARTED 
EVERY NOTABLE ACHIEVEMENT AND 
SUCCESS THAT HAS EVER WON. 

IDEAS ARE THE MEASURE OF YOUR 
POSSIBILITIES. THERE ARE NO LIMI- 
TATIONS : FROM A TEN-DOLLAR IDEA 
TO A FIFTY-THOUSAND-DOLLAR 
IDEA-THE CHOICE IS YOURS. 

THINK YOUR IDEA-DETERMINE 
YOUR PLAN-INITIATE YOUR METH- 
OD-WORK FOR THE RESULT. 
But as the first step— gg^ an IdecL 

ADVANTAGE OF HAVING A WASHING- 
TON ATTORNEY. 

At the outset the inventor must consider the 
importance of selecting a Washington attorney 
for the transaction of his business before the 
United States Patent Office, as it frequently 
happens that a personal interview with one 
of the examining corps having charge of your 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



i wii 



40 



PATENT MANUEL 



application is indispensable. It is a well rec- 
ognized fact in numerous cases, not only in 
this profession, but generally speaking, that 
written correspondence is only a poor substi- 
tute for personal intercourse or communica- 
tion. 

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PATENT AT- 
TORNEY AND PATENT LAWYER. 

A patent attorney, also known as a patent 
solicitor, can only practice before the Patent 
Office, and therefore labors under the personal 
disadvantage of actual personal contact with 
the United States Courts. In other words, a pat- 
ent attorney or solicitor can be of no service to 
you should your patent be infringed or other- 
wise invaded as to require any litigation in 

court. 

A patent lawyer is a person who practices 
before the Patent Office and the United States 
Courts, and therefore has all the equipment, 
experience, and the very best foundation for 
giving the inventor the highest degree of skill 
in preparing his case and prosecuting it before 
the Patent Office. You should recognize the 
importance of retaining those versed in the 
technical requirements of this special branch 
of the law. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



41 



PATENT MANUEL 



"FREE EXAMINATION," ETC. 

There are in this profession a number of 
'Tatent Attorneys," and it is regretted to say 
"Lawyers," who cannot maintain a practice on 
the basis of their professional standing and 
resort to the making of "Free Examinations." 
Upon submitting an invention to these vaunt- 
ing and self-lauding practitioners, an examina- 
tion is made of the Patent Office records and 
you are advised that your invention is pat- ] 
entable, and to proceed accordingly, without I 
ever seeing the nearest patents to your inven- ! 
tion, and thus given an opportunity to judge | 
for yourself. It is true that they do not ad- | 
vise you to go ahead unless they are confident J 
of securing a patent, as they usually back | 
their opinions up with a "guarantee certifi- 
cate;" but you do not know whether the ex- 
amination has disclosed patents that closely 
resemble your invention or not — in other 
words, whether it is worth your while to apply 
for a patent. Obviously, with this scheme, the 
promoters are the sole judges of the question 
of patentability, and consequently they can file 
more applications and receive more financial \ 
returns. They are not concerned with the I 
quality — it is only the quantity of work. - 

Is it not logical and common sense to say , 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
42 



P A '^ E N T MAN U EL 

that a man's services are not worth more 
than what he charges for them? If he charges 
nothing, it would therefore seem that they 
are not worth anything. This being true, it 
would follow that a free examination is of no 
value. It is certainly better to spend $5 to 
find out what has been done in the line of 
your invention, than to spend from $65.00 to 
$100.00 for a patent for some unessential point 
of difference. 

To show the attitude of the Commissioner of 
Patents to such "Attorneys" we refer you to 
the amended rule, enacted Feb. 5, 1908, under 
the provisions of section 483 of the Revised 
Statutes and with the approval of the Secre- 
tary of the Interior: 

"The Secretary of the Interior may, after 
notice and opportunity for a hearing, suspend 
or exclude from further practice before the 
Patent Office any person, firm, corporation, or 
association shown to be incompetent, disrepu- 
table, or who refuses to comply with the rules 
and regulations thereof, or who shall, with 
intent to defraud, in any manner deceive, mis- 
lead or threaten any claimant or prospective 
claimant, by word, circular, letter or by ad- 
vertisement or by guaranteeing therein the 
successful prosecution of any application for 
patent or the procurement of any patent, or 
which word, circular, letter or advertisement 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
43 



PATENT MANUEL 



shall contain therein any false promise or mis- 
leading representation." 

Edward B. Moor^, 

Commissioner. 

Beware of any "No-Patent, No-Pay" systems 
or schemes whereby the Attorney's fee, in 
whole or in part, is not payable until the al- 
lowance of the application. These plans are 
logically bad for the inventor, as the Attor- 
neys do not reap their profit until the case is 
allowed, and in order to keep money coming 
in, there is a very strong temptation to accept 
weak and limited claims, perhaps of no prac- 
tical value to the patentee. Your only safe 
plan is to steer clear of schemes entirely, and 
employ a patent lawyer who is conservative 
in his fees and in his plan of conducting busi- 
ness. There are many good and reliable men 
in the patent profession, but you will not find 
a first-class man who includes in his method 
some catchy scheme. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
44 



PATENT MANUEL 



CONCLUSION. 

The foregoing remarks have been prepared 
with a view to answering many of the ques- 
tions which are often asked us by inventors 
and others, and also for informing inventors 
with regard to many points with respect to 
which our experience has demonstrated they 
often desire to be advised. We therefore hope 
that these remarks will be of interest and 
profit. Many points have been touched upon 
very briefly, but if there are any subjects on 
which additional explanation is desired, or if 
there are any matters not herein mentioned, 
pertaining to patents, trade-marks, or copy- 
rights, upon which fuller information is re- 
quested we will be very glad to furnish it. All 
letters or inquiries, whether making a demand 
upon our professional services or not, will be 
treated as confidential, and will be promptly 
answered to the best of our ability. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



45 



PATENT MANUEL 



National Capitol Bank, 

Washington, D. C. 

Occidental Trust and Savings Bank, 

Los Angeles, Cal. 

Jas. Rees and Sons Co., 

Manufacturers of Marine and Locomotive 

Boilers, etc., 

Pittsburg, Pa. 

Wright Manufacturing Co., 
Detroit, Mich. 

Mesal Chemical Co., 

Chattanooga, Tenn. 

The A. O. Jones Brick and Terra Cotta Co., 

St. Louis, Mo. 

National Electric Supply Co., 

G. N. Schemmer, Asst. 2nd Vice-President, 

Washington, D. C. 

Harris Saddlery Co., 
Belleville, 111. 

Dresselhouse and Davidter, 

Agricultural Implements, 

Manchester, Mich. 

San Dinas Lemon Association, 
San Dimas, Cal. 

WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



46 



PATENT M AN U E L 



l&iftvttittB 

J. R. Stevens Company, 

Contracting Builders, 

Covington, Ky. 

Austin Separator Co., 
Detroit, Mich. 

Baynham-Thurman Water- Wheel Co., 
Pomona, Cal. 

Southern Collar and Bridle Co., 
Greensboro, N. C. 

Additional references will be furnished upon 
application. 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



47 



JUN 24 »9or 



PATENT MANUEL 



INDEX 



PAGE 

Appeals 15 

Application 9 

Advantage of having a 
Washington represen- 
tative 40 

Canadian Patents 26 

Caveats 27 

Conclusion ....... . . 45 

Copies of Patents 24 

Copyrights 33 

Cost of Patents 12 

Design Patents 6 

Difference between Pat- 
ent Attorney and Pat- 
ent Lawyer 41 

Drawings 12 

Filing the case in Pat- 
ent Office 14 

Financial Help 37 

Foreign Patents 25 

How and What to In- 
vent 38 

Free Examination 42 

Infringement of Pat- 
ents 20 

Interference 16 

Introduction 

Mechanical Patents 4 

Medical Compound Pat- 
ents 5 

Notice of Allowance. . . 16 



PAGE 
" Patent applied for," 

etc 22 

Patents for Composi- 
tions 5 

Preliminary Examina- 
tion 7 

Prints and Labels 32 

Process Patents 4 

Prosecution 14 

References 46 

Reissues 18 

Sale of Patents 36 

Special Department. ... 34 

Specifications 9 

Term of a Patent 3 

Time to secure Patent . . 22 

Trade-marks 28 

Application 30 

Assignment 32 

Cost 32 

Duration 31 

Interference, etc. . . 31 

Renewal 31 

Transfer of Patent 

Rights 21 

Validity of Patents 19 

Value of Inventions .... 35 

What is a Patent 3 

What may be Patented . 3 



WILLIAM T. JONES Patent Counselor 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



48 



